Coffee roast levels

Coffee roast levels refer to how coffee beans are classified based on roasting time and temperature, which directly affect the color, aroma, and flavor of the coffee. There are four main roast levels:

1. Light Roast

Appearance

Light brown, similar to cinnamon. No oil on the surface.

Flavor & Aroma

Bright acidity with fruity notes and natural sweetness. Often has floral or fruit-like aromas and a lighter body.

Key Point

Contains the highest caffeine content among roast levels. Best suited for filter brewing methods like pour-over that highlight complex flavors.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Medium Roast

Appearance

Medium brown, slightly darker but still dry on the surface (no oil).

Flavor & Aroma

Balanced flavor with reduced acidity, increased sweetness, and notes of caramel or chocolate. Fuller body than light roast.

Key Point

The most popular roast level because it works well for many brew methods — drip coffee, espresso, and milk-based drinks.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Medium-Dark Roast

Appearance

Dark brown with a slight oily sheen on the surface.

Flavor & Aroma

Richer and bolder flavor. Bitterness becomes more noticeable than acidity. Strong chocolate and caramel notes with a heavier body.

Key Point

Excellent for milk-based coffee drinks, as the strong coffee flavor stands up well against milk.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Dark Roast

Appearance

Very dark brown to almost black, with visible oil on the bean surface.

Flavor & Aroma

Bold, bitter taste with smoky or roasted notes. Very little acidity and a very heavy body.

Key Point

Has the lowest caffeine content compared to lighter roasts. Commonly used in traditional Thai-style coffee and sweet iced milk coffees.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Each roast level brings out different characteristics in coffee, so choosing the right roast depends on the flavor profile you prefer and how you plan to brew it.